Small-molecule light-emitting electrochemical cells: evidence for in situ electrochemical doping and functional operation.

Dynamic doping and degradation in sandwich-type light-emitting electrochemical cells.

Photoluminescence spectroscopy has been performed in situ during device operation and after switch-off on ionic transition metal complex (iTMC)-based sandwich-type light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs). It is demonstrated that the photoluminescence of the LECs decreases with increasing operating time. For operating times up to three hours the decline in photoluminescence is fully recovera...

Time-Resolved Chemical Mapping in Light-Emitting Electrochemical Cells.

An understanding of the doping and ion distributions in light-emitting electrochemical cells (LECs) is required to approach a realistic conduction model which can precisely explain the electrochemical reactions, p-n junction formation, and ion dynamics in the active layer and to provide relevant information about LECs for systematic improvement of function and manufacture. Here, Fourier-transfo...

Electrochemical doping during light emission in polymer light-emitting electrochemical cells

Synthesis and utilization of perylene-based n-type small molecules in light-emitting electrochemical cells.

We report the synthesis of a soluble perylene-based small molecule for use as an n-type emissive material for organic optoelectronic device applications, and demonstrate the material in a light-emitting electrochemical cell configuration.

Half‐Gate Light‐Emitting Electrochemical Transistor to Achieve Centered Emissive Organic p‐n Junction

Organic light-emitting electrochemical cells (LEC) are promising for lighting applications but in many cases these devices suffer from unbalanced electrochemical doping, which cause instability and degradation of the cells. A predominant p-doping over n-doping causes an off-centered emissive p-n junction, which leads to poor powerconversion efficiency. Here, we report a half-gate LEC transistor...